Think Aloud Method: Is it effective in Enhancing Indonesian EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension Skills?
Keywords:
think-aloud method, reading comprehension, effective reader.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the think-aloud method in teaching reading comprehension skills. The quasi-experimental research used pre-test and post-test design involving students of tenth grade at state senior high school Bolano in Parigi-Moutong, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia in academic 2019-2020 who were selected using probability sampling. The stratified sampling was used to divide the population on some specific characters. Then, a simple random sampling technique was conducted to assign the experimental and control group with 61 total participants. To collect the data, pre-test and post-test were assigned. The tests of reading skills were validated through peer validation and content validity. A split-half method is used to find the reliability of the instruments. The inferential statistics using SPSS 22 were applied to analyze the data, normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis testing result. The findings of this study revealed that the think-aloud method had a significant difference in enhancing students’ reading comprehension skills compare to the grammar-translation method. It was indicated by the value of 0.00 in the reading comprehension test which was lower than 0.05. This means that the use of the think-aloud method is effective to enhance students’ reading comprehension skills and help students to be effective readers.
References
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Lubis, A. A & Sulistyo, G. H. (2018). PRWR: Evidence of Its Effectiveness in Teaching Academic Content-Area Reading across English Proficiency. DINAMIKA ILMU, 18(1), 2018, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/di.v18i1.1070
Madya, S. (2013). Metodologi Pengajaran Bahasa: dari Era Prametode sampai Era Pascametode. UNY press: Yogyakarta.
Milawati (2019). Grammar Translation Method: Current Practice in EFL Context. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 4(1), 2019 www.ijeltal.org
Omar, A., & Saufi, M. M. (2015). Storybook Read-Alouds to Enhance Students’ Comprehension Skills in ESL Classrooms: A Case Study. DINAMIKA ILMU, 15(1), 2015
Ortega, L. (2013). Understanding Second Language Acquisition. Routledge: Hoddor Edducation, New York.
Rayanto, Y. H. (2017). Teaching Reading Comprehension through Focal Points on R2D2 Model. JELTL (Journal of English Language Teaching and Linguistics), 2(3), 2017, www.jeltl.org
Someran, V., Barnard, Y. F., & Sandberg, J. A. C. (1994). The think aloud method: A practical guide to modelling cognitive processes. London: Academic press.
Seng G.H. (2007). The effects of think aloud in a collaborative environment to improve comprehension of L2 texts. The Reading Matrix, 7(2), 29-45.
Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and quasiexperimental: designs for generalized causal inference. New York: Houghton Mifflin.
Sönmez, Y. & Sulak, S. E. (2018). The Effect of the Thinking-aloud Strategy on the Reading Comprehension Skills of 4th Grade Primary School Students. Universal Journal of Educational Research 6(1): 168-172, 2018. DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2018.060116.
Sugirin (2002). Comprehension strategies of above average English as a foreign language (EFL) readers vol 1. ADT; Daekin University Library.
Vacca, R. T., & Vacca, J. A. L. (2017). Content area reading: Literacy and learning across the curriculum. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Arikunto, S. (2013). Prosedur penelitian: suatu pendekatan praktik. Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta.
Aveyard, H., Sharp, P., & Woolliams, M. (2011). A Beginner’s Guide to critical thinking and writing in health and social care. Open University Press.
Bahri, S. Ys., Nasir, C., Rohiman, C.L.N. (2018). Using the think aloud method in teaching reading comprehension. Studies in English Language and Education, 5(1), 148-158, 2018. P-ISSN 2355-2794 E-ISSN 2461-0275.
Barton, D. (2007). Literacy: An introduction to the ecology of written language (2nd Ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Baumann J. F., Jones L. A., & Kessel N. S. (1993). Using think aloud to enhance children's comprehension monitoring abilities. The Reading Teacher, 47(3), 184-193.
Broady, E., & Kenning, M. (1996). Learner autonomy; an introduction to the issues, In E. Broady M. Kenning (Eds). Promoting learner autonomy in university language teaching (pp.1-21). London: Centre for Information on Language Teaching and Research.
Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. New-York: Longman.
Cahyono, B. Y., & Widiati, U. (2006). The Teaching of EFL Reading in the Indonesian Context: The State of The Art. TEFLIN Journal, 17 (1).
Charters, E. (2003). The use of think-aloud methods in qualitative research: An introduction to think-aloud methods. Brock Education Journal. 12(2), 68–82. DOI: 10.26522/BROCKED.V1212.38
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011). Research methods in education (7th Ed.). London; New York: Routledge.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Davey, B. (1983). Think Aloud. Journal of Reading, 27(1), pp. 44. Published WILEY: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40029295. Accessed: 16/02/2015 10:23.
Dechant, E. (1991). Understanding and Teaching Reading: An Interactive Model. Lawrence Erlbaum Associate, Hilsdale, NJ.
Fauzi, I. (2017). The Effectiveness of Skimming and Scanning Strategies In Improving Comprehension and Reading Speed Rates for the Students of English Study Program. REGISTER JOURNAL, 11(1), 2018, pp.101-120 ISSN (Print): 1979-8903; ISSN (Online): 2503-040X
Gatcho, A. R. G., & Hajan, B. H. (2019). Augmenting Senior Secondary ESL Learners, Reading Skills through Explicit Instruction of Metacognitive Strategies. Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies (JEELS). DOI: https://doi.org/10.30762/jeels.v6i1
Grabe, W. (2009). Reading a Second Language: Moving from Theory to Practice. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Harrison, C. (2004). Understanding Reading Development. London, Thousands Oaks, New Delhi: SAGE Publicatios.
Hughes, A. (2003). Testing for language teacher second edition. United Kingdom: Combridege University Press.
Jahandar, S., Khodabandehlou, M., Sayedi, G., Abadi, R.M.D. (2012). The think-aloud method in EFL reading comprehension. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 3(9), September-2012: ISSN 2229-5518 available at IJSER © 2012 http://www.ijser.org.
Kemendikbud. (2017). K13 (Edisi revisi). Retrieved from https://dicariguru.com/silabus-k13-revisi-2017/ on 5/20/18.
Kucan L., & Beck I. L. (1997). Thinking aloud and reading comprehension research: Inquiry, instruction, and social interaction. Review of educational research, 67(3), 271-299, 1997.
Kumaravadivelu, B. (2001). Toward a Postmethod Pedagogy. TESOL Quarterly, 35(4). Winter. PP. 537-560.
Kusuma, (2016). Developing Reading Material for Elementary Students in Tourism Area by Interesting Local Culture. Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies (JEELS). DOI: https://doi.org/10.30762/jeels.v3i1
Laing, S., Jamison, D., & Clair, K. S. (2009). Comprehension of expository text : Insights gained from think-aloud data.
Laing, S., & Kamhi, A. (2002). The use of think-aloud protocols to compare inferencing abilities of average and below-average readers. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 35(5); pg. 436
Lawrence Jun Zhang, Donglan Zhang. (2020). Think-aloud protocols from: The Routledge Handbook of Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, Routledge Accessed on: 22 Jun 2020 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9780367824471-26
Lubis, A. A & Sulistyo, G. H. (2018). PRWR: Evidence of Its Effectiveness in Teaching Academic Content-Area Reading across English Proficiency. DINAMIKA ILMU, 18(1), 2018, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/di.v18i1.1070
Madya, S. (2013). Metodologi Pengajaran Bahasa: dari Era Prametode sampai Era Pascametode. UNY press: Yogyakarta.
Milawati (2019). Grammar Translation Method: Current Practice in EFL Context. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 4(1), 2019 www.ijeltal.org
Omar, A., & Saufi, M. M. (2015). Storybook Read-Alouds to Enhance Students’ Comprehension Skills in ESL Classrooms: A Case Study. DINAMIKA ILMU, 15(1), 2015
Ortega, L. (2013). Understanding Second Language Acquisition. Routledge: Hoddor Edducation, New York.
Rayanto, Y. H. (2017). Teaching Reading Comprehension through Focal Points on R2D2 Model. JELTL (Journal of English Language Teaching and Linguistics), 2(3), 2017, www.jeltl.org
Someran, V., Barnard, Y. F., & Sandberg, J. A. C. (1994). The think aloud method: A practical guide to modelling cognitive processes. London: Academic press.
Seng G.H. (2007). The effects of think aloud in a collaborative environment to improve comprehension of L2 texts. The Reading Matrix, 7(2), 29-45.
Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and quasiexperimental: designs for generalized causal inference. New York: Houghton Mifflin.
Sönmez, Y. & Sulak, S. E. (2018). The Effect of the Thinking-aloud Strategy on the Reading Comprehension Skills of 4th Grade Primary School Students. Universal Journal of Educational Research 6(1): 168-172, 2018. DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2018.060116.
Sugirin (2002). Comprehension strategies of above average English as a foreign language (EFL) readers vol 1. ADT; Daekin University Library.
Vacca, R. T., & Vacca, J. A. L. (2017). Content area reading: Literacy and learning across the curriculum. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Published
2021-05-19
How to Cite
Tolhah, M., & Sugirin, S. (2021). Think Aloud Method: Is it effective in Enhancing Indonesian EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension Skills?. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 6(1), 47-62. https://doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v6i1.341
Section
Articles
