An Analysis of Student’s Recount Text: An SFL Approach
Keywords:
modality, mood, recount text, SFL, transitivity
Abstract
This paper reports on the results of a study aiming to investigate the student’s ability to write recount text of a university student in Bandung. The study was conducted using the theory of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL), especially functional grammar, in terms of the Transitivity, Mood and Modality system. The study used a case study on text analysis. A text, which is a recount text written by a higher achiever university student, was analysed using the Transitivity, Mood and Modality system. In terms of the Transitivity system, the result indicates the writer’s adequate syntactic compression and rich lexico-grammatical patterns. Moreover, in terms of the Mood and Modality system, the text shows the writer’s ability to infuse, temper, negotiate, and constrain the experiential meanings in the Mood that is in focus. Hence, the writer is categorized as a mature and critical writer, and the text is appropriate to be used as a model text. Research on text analysis using SFL of different genres of text and how the teaching of writing should be conducted to help improve students’ writing ability is recommended.
References
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Canagrajah, S. (2002). Critical academic writing and multilingual students. The Michigan University Press.
Chen, L., & Li, Y. (2022). Pragmatic functions of modality in everyday communication: A corpus-based study. Journal of Pragmatics, 45(2), 201-215.
Chen, L., & Wang, Y. (2021). The Role of Nominalization in Enhancing Lexical Sophistication in Writing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(2), 231-245.
Christie, F. (2002). Classroom discourse analysis. Continuum.
Christie, F. (2005). Language education in the primary years. Continuum.
Christie, F. (2012). Language learning: Language education throughout the school years: A Functional Perspective. Wiley Blackwell.
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Coffin, C., & Donohue, J. P. (2012). Academic literacies and systemic functional linguistics: How do they relate? Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 11(1), 64-75.
Coffin, C., & Hewings, A. (2004). IELTS as preparation for tertiary writing: distinctive interpersonal and textual strategies. In L. J. Ravelli & R. A. Ellis (Eds.), Analysing academic writing (pp. 154-172). Continuum.
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Fairclough, N. (2003). Analysing discourse. Textual analysis for social research. Routledge.
Fang, Z., & Schleppegrell, M. J. (2008). Reading in secondary content areas: A language-based pedagogy. University of Michigan Press
Feak, C. B., & Swales, J. M. (2011). Telling a research story: Writing a literature review. University of Michigan Press.
Gerot, L., & Wignell, P. (1995). Making sense of functional grammar. Gerd Stabler.
Gonzalez, A., & Smith, J. (2020). Syntactic Complexity and Writing Proficiency: A Study of ESL Learners. TESOL Journal, 12(3), 45-58.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1993). The construction of knowledge and value in the grammar of scientific discourse: Charles Darwin’s The Origin of the Species. In M. A. K. Halliday, & J. R. Martin (Eds.), Writing science. Literacy and discursive power (pp. 95-116). The Falmer Press.
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Halliday, M. A. K., Matthiessen, C., & Halliday, M. (2014). An introduction to functional grammar. Routledge.
Halliday, M.A.K. (1978). Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning. Edward Arnold.
Halliday, M.A.K. (1994). Introduction to functional grammar (2nd ed.). Edward Arnold.
Halliday, M.A.K., & Martin, J.R. (1993). Writing science. Literacy and discoursive power (Critical perspective on literacy and education). Falmer Press.
Heny, K. (2018). An analysis of student’s recount text in systemic functional linguistic perspectives. RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa, 4(1), 53-59.
Humprey, S., Droga, L., & Feez, S. (2012). Grammar and meaning. PETAA.
Hyland, K. (2006). English for academic purposes. Routledge.
Hyland, K. (2007). Genre pedagogy: Language, literacy and L2 writing instruction. Journal of Second Language Writing, 16(3), 148-164.
Jewitt, C. (2014). An introduction to multimodality. In J. Jewitt (Ed.) The Routledge handbook of multimodal analysis (pp. 15–30). Routledge.
Johns, A. M. (1997). Text, role, and context: Developing academic literacies. Cambridge University Press.
Johnson, M. (2016). Teaching writing and developing student writers. Routledge.
Johnson, R. (2018). Grammatical structures and text coherence: A study of student writing. Journal of Writing Research, 9(1), 87-102.
Jones, R. H., & Lock, G. (2011). Functional grammar in the ESL classroom: Noticing, exploring, and practising. Palgrave Macmillan.
Kim, S., et al. (2023). The role of mood in constructing interpersonal meaning within written discourse. Journal of Language and Social Interaction, 17(3), 321-335.
Knapp, P., & Watkins, M. (2009). Genre, text, grammar: Technologies for teaching and assessing writing. University of New South Wales Press Ltd.
Kress, G. (2010). Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. Routledge.
Kress, G., & van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Reading images: The grammar of visual design (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Kuhn, D. (2005). Education for thinking. Harvard University Press.
Lee, S., et al. (2019). Mastery of Linguistic Properties and Elaboration in Writing: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 111(4), 512-527.
Mangana, A., & Kurniawan, E. (2020). Understanding and evaluating personal letter writing: A systemic functional linguistics analysis of student texts in one of senior high schools in Indonesia. Indonesian EFL Journal, 6(2), 165-173. https://doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v6i2.3385
Martin, J. R. (1992). English Text: system and structure. Benjamins
Martin, J. R., & Rose, D. (2003). Working with discourse. Meaning beyond the clause. Continuum.
Martin, J. R., & Rose, D. (2007). Genre relations: Mapping culture. Equinox Publishing Ltd.
Martin, J. R., & Rose, D. (2007). Working with discourse. Meaning beyond the clause (2nd ed.). Continuum.
Martin, J. R., Maton, K., Doran, Y. (2020). Accessing academic discourse. Systemic functional linguistics and legitimation code theory. Routledge.
Martin, J. R., Matthiessen, C. M. I. M., & Painter, C. (1997). Working with functional grammar. Edward Arnold.
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Mustika, R., Nurdin, N. E., & Sakina, R. (2021). Theme and thematic progression in students’ recount texts: A systemic functional linguistic perspective. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Science, Technology, Engineering and Industrial Revolution (ICSTEIR 2020) (pp. 196-203). Atlantis-Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210312.030
Mustofa, M., & Kurniawan, Eri. (2023). Theme and thematic progression in a recount text by an advanced student. IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics), 7(1), 481-494. https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v7i2.1382
Painter, C., Martin, J. R., Unsworth, L. (2013). Reading visual narratives: Image analysis of children’s picture books. Equinox.
Petchprasert, A. (2021). Utilizing an automated tool analysis to evaluate EFL students’ writing performances. Asian Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 6(1), 1-16 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-020-00107-w
Ravelli, L. (2000). Getting started with functional analysis of texts. In Unsworth, L. (2000). (Ed). Researching language in schools and communities (pp. 27-64). Cassell.
Rose, D., & Martin, J. R. (2012). Learning to write, reading to learn: Genre, knowledge, and pedagogy in the Sydney school. WAC Clearinghouse.
Rothery, J. (1996). Making changes: Developing educational linguistics. In Hasan, R., and William, G. (1996). (Eds). Literacy in society (pp. 86-123). Addison Wesley Longman
Sianipar, R.br., Sianturi, D.S., Situmorang, S.A., Gulo, P & Saragih, E. (2020). An analysis of recount text in textbooks used by tenth-grade students. JOLLT Languages and Language Teaching, 8(2), 120-127. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v%vi%i.2280
Smith, J. (2018). Writing for academic success: A postgraduate guide. Sage Publications.
Smith, J., & Johnson, R. (2021). Exploring the intersection of mood and modality in literary texts. Journal of Literary Studies, 23(4), 432-447.
Swales, J. M. (1990). Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge University Press.
Tang, K.-S., Won, M., & Treagust, D. (2019). Analytical framework for student-generated drawings. International Journal of Science Education, 41(16), 2296–2322.
Thompson, G. (2013). Introducing Functional Grammar (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203431474
Travers, M. (2001). Qualitative research through case studies. SAGE Publications.
Wigaty, H. T., & Norhasanah, N. An analysis of a tertiary EFL learner’s review text using transitivity system. Indonesian Journal of Functional Linguistics, 1(2), 109-115.
Amartya, D., Nugraha, S., & Ridwan, I. (2022). Recount text in EFL vocational school: A thematic structure analysis. Elsya: Journal of English Language Studies. 4(3). 294-301.
Anderson, M., & Anderson, K. (2003). Text types in English. Macmillan.
Anggini, C. P., & Kurniawan, E. (2020). ESP students’ recount text from SFL perspective: Pedagogical implication based on students’ writing analysis. Proceedings of Twelfth Conference on Applied Linguistics (CONAPLIN 2019) (pp. 15-19). Atlantis-Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200406.004
Biber, D., & Conrad, S. (2019). Register, genre, and style (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Butt, D., Fahey, R., Feez, S., Spinks, S., & Yallop, C. (2000). Using functional grammar. An explorer's guide (2nd ed.). Macquarie University.
Cakrawati, L. M. (2018). Recount text in SFL perspective: Pedagogical implication based on student’s writing analysis. Register Journal, 11(2), 192-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v11i2.210-227
Canagrajah, S. (2002). Critical academic writing and multilingual students. The Michigan University Press.
Chen, L., & Li, Y. (2022). Pragmatic functions of modality in everyday communication: A corpus-based study. Journal of Pragmatics, 45(2), 201-215.
Chen, L., & Wang, Y. (2021). The Role of Nominalization in Enhancing Lexical Sophistication in Writing. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(2), 231-245.
Christie, F. (2002). Classroom discourse analysis. Continuum.
Christie, F. (2005). Language education in the primary years. Continuum.
Christie, F. (2012). Language learning: Language education throughout the school years: A Functional Perspective. Wiley Blackwell.
Christie, F., & Derewianka, B. (2008). School discourse. Learning to write across the years of schooling. Continuum.
Coffin, C., & Donohue, J. P. (2012). Academic literacies and systemic functional linguistics: How do they relate? Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 11(1), 64-75.
Coffin, C., & Hewings, A. (2004). IELTS as preparation for tertiary writing: distinctive interpersonal and textual strategies. In L. J. Ravelli & R. A. Ellis (Eds.), Analysing academic writing (pp. 154-172). Continuum.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2017). Research methods in education (8th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315456539
Colombi, C. M. (2002). Academic language development in Latino Students’ writing in Spanish. In Scleppegrell, M. J., and Colombi, M. C. (2002). (Eds). Developing advanced literacy in first and second languages. Meaning with power (pp. 67-86). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches (4 ed.). SAGE Publications.
Danielsson, K., & Selander, S. (2021). Multimodal texts in disciplinary education. Springer.
Derewianka, B. (1990). Exploring how texts work. PETA.
Derewianka, B. (2020). Growing into the complexity of mature academic writing. In Chen, H., Myhill, D., & Lewis, H. (Eds.). (2020). Developing writers across the primary and secondary years: Growing into writing (1st ed., pp. 212-236). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003018858
Derewianka, B. M. (2011). A new grammar companion for teachers (2nd ed.). Primary English Teaching Association.
Derewianka, B., & Jones, P. (2016). Teaching language in context (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
Doran, Y., & Martin, J. (2020). Describing languages, understanding language. Systemic functional theory and description. In Martin, J. R., Doran, Y. J., & Figueredo, G. (2020). Systemic functional language description. Making meaning matter (pp. 1-29). Routledge.
Droga, L., & Humphrey, S. (2003). Grammar and meaning. An introduction for primary teachers. Target Texts.
Eggins, S. (1994). An introduction to systemic functional linguistics. Printer Publishers, Ltd.
Eggins, S. (2004). Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury Academic.
Emilia, E. (2005). A critical genre-based approach to teaching academic writing in a tertiary EFL context in Indonesia [Doctoral dissertation, The University of Melbourne].
Emilia, E. (2011). Pendekatan genre-based dalam pengajaran bahasa Inggris: Petunjuk untuk guru. Rizqi Press.
Emilia, E. (2014). Introducing functional grammar. Pustaka Jaya.
Emilia, E., & Martin, J. R. (2023). “Learning functional grammar is fun”: A snapshot of functional grammar unit at an English Education Department in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 13(1), 48-62. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v13i1.58256
Fairclough, N. (2003). Analysing discourse. Textual analysis for social research. Routledge.
Fang, Z., & Schleppegrell, M. J. (2008). Reading in secondary content areas: A language-based pedagogy. University of Michigan Press
Feak, C. B., & Swales, J. M. (2011). Telling a research story: Writing a literature review. University of Michigan Press.
Gerot, L., & Wignell, P. (1995). Making sense of functional grammar. Gerd Stabler.
Gonzalez, A., & Smith, J. (2020). Syntactic Complexity and Writing Proficiency: A Study of ESL Learners. TESOL Journal, 12(3), 45-58.
Halliday, M. A. K. (1993). The construction of knowledge and value in the grammar of scientific discourse: Charles Darwin’s The Origin of the Species. In M. A. K. Halliday, & J. R. Martin (Eds.), Writing science. Literacy and discursive power (pp. 95-116). The Falmer Press.
Halliday, M. A. K., & Matthiessen, C. M. I. M. (2004). An introduction to functional grammar (3rd ed.). Arnold.
Halliday, M. A. K., Matthiessen, C., & Halliday, M. (2014). An introduction to functional grammar. Routledge.
Halliday, M.A.K. (1978). Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning. Edward Arnold.
Halliday, M.A.K. (1994). Introduction to functional grammar (2nd ed.). Edward Arnold.
Halliday, M.A.K., & Martin, J.R. (1993). Writing science. Literacy and discoursive power (Critical perspective on literacy and education). Falmer Press.
Heny, K. (2018). An analysis of student’s recount text in systemic functional linguistic perspectives. RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa, 4(1), 53-59.
Humprey, S., Droga, L., & Feez, S. (2012). Grammar and meaning. PETAA.
Hyland, K. (2006). English for academic purposes. Routledge.
Hyland, K. (2007). Genre pedagogy: Language, literacy and L2 writing instruction. Journal of Second Language Writing, 16(3), 148-164.
Jewitt, C. (2014). An introduction to multimodality. In J. Jewitt (Ed.) The Routledge handbook of multimodal analysis (pp. 15–30). Routledge.
Johns, A. M. (1997). Text, role, and context: Developing academic literacies. Cambridge University Press.
Johnson, M. (2016). Teaching writing and developing student writers. Routledge.
Johnson, R. (2018). Grammatical structures and text coherence: A study of student writing. Journal of Writing Research, 9(1), 87-102.
Jones, R. H., & Lock, G. (2011). Functional grammar in the ESL classroom: Noticing, exploring, and practising. Palgrave Macmillan.
Kim, S., et al. (2023). The role of mood in constructing interpersonal meaning within written discourse. Journal of Language and Social Interaction, 17(3), 321-335.
Knapp, P., & Watkins, M. (2009). Genre, text, grammar: Technologies for teaching and assessing writing. University of New South Wales Press Ltd.
Kress, G. (2010). Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. Routledge.
Kress, G., & van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Reading images: The grammar of visual design (2nd ed.). Routledge.
Kuhn, D. (2005). Education for thinking. Harvard University Press.
Lee, S., et al. (2019). Mastery of Linguistic Properties and Elaboration in Writing: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Educational Psychology, 111(4), 512-527.
Mangana, A., & Kurniawan, E. (2020). Understanding and evaluating personal letter writing: A systemic functional linguistics analysis of student texts in one of senior high schools in Indonesia. Indonesian EFL Journal, 6(2), 165-173. https://doi.org/10.25134/ieflj.v6i2.3385
Martin, J. R. (1992). English Text: system and structure. Benjamins
Martin, J. R., & Rose, D. (2003). Working with discourse. Meaning beyond the clause. Continuum.
Martin, J. R., & Rose, D. (2007). Genre relations: Mapping culture. Equinox Publishing Ltd.
Martin, J. R., & Rose, D. (2007). Working with discourse. Meaning beyond the clause (2nd ed.). Continuum.
Martin, J. R., Maton, K., Doran, Y. (2020). Accessing academic discourse. Systemic functional linguistics and legitimation code theory. Routledge.
Martin, J. R., Matthiessen, C. M. I. M., & Painter, C. (1997). Working with functional grammar. Edward Arnold.
Mathiessen, C. M. I. M., Wang, B., Ma, Y., & Mwinlaaru, I. N. (2022). Systemic functional insights on language and linguistics. Springer.
Mayr, Andrea, & Machin, David (2012). The language of crime and deviance: An introduction to critical linguistic analysis in media and popular culture. Continuum.
Mustika, R., Nurdin, N. E., & Sakina, R. (2021). Theme and thematic progression in students’ recount texts: A systemic functional linguistic perspective. Proceedings of the First International Conference on Science, Technology, Engineering and Industrial Revolution (ICSTEIR 2020) (pp. 196-203). Atlantis-Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210312.030
Mustofa, M., & Kurniawan, Eri. (2023). Theme and thematic progression in a recount text by an advanced student. IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics), 7(1), 481-494. https://doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v7i2.1382
Painter, C., Martin, J. R., Unsworth, L. (2013). Reading visual narratives: Image analysis of children’s picture books. Equinox.
Petchprasert, A. (2021). Utilizing an automated tool analysis to evaluate EFL students’ writing performances. Asian Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 6(1), 1-16 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-020-00107-w
Ravelli, L. (2000). Getting started with functional analysis of texts. In Unsworth, L. (2000). (Ed). Researching language in schools and communities (pp. 27-64). Cassell.
Rose, D., & Martin, J. R. (2012). Learning to write, reading to learn: Genre, knowledge, and pedagogy in the Sydney school. WAC Clearinghouse.
Rothery, J. (1996). Making changes: Developing educational linguistics. In Hasan, R., and William, G. (1996). (Eds). Literacy in society (pp. 86-123). Addison Wesley Longman
Sianipar, R.br., Sianturi, D.S., Situmorang, S.A., Gulo, P & Saragih, E. (2020). An analysis of recount text in textbooks used by tenth-grade students. JOLLT Languages and Language Teaching, 8(2), 120-127. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v%vi%i.2280
Smith, J. (2018). Writing for academic success: A postgraduate guide. Sage Publications.
Smith, J., & Johnson, R. (2021). Exploring the intersection of mood and modality in literary texts. Journal of Literary Studies, 23(4), 432-447.
Swales, J. M. (1990). Genre analysis: English in academic and research settings. Cambridge University Press.
Tang, K.-S., Won, M., & Treagust, D. (2019). Analytical framework for student-generated drawings. International Journal of Science Education, 41(16), 2296–2322.
Thompson, G. (2013). Introducing Functional Grammar (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203431474
Travers, M. (2001). Qualitative research through case studies. SAGE Publications.
Wigaty, H. T., & Norhasanah, N. An analysis of a tertiary EFL learner’s review text using transitivity system. Indonesian Journal of Functional Linguistics, 1(2), 109-115.
Published
2024-05-01
How to Cite
Faradina, W., & Emilia, E. (2024). An Analysis of Student’s Recount Text: An SFL Approach. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 9(1), 83-98. https://doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v9i1.751
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Articles
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